ազատ երթևեկություն

ազատ երթևեկություն

Getting the benefit of a good or service without paying for it, not necessarily illegally. This may be possible because certain types of goods and services are actually hard to charge for--a firework display, for instance. Another way to look at this may be that the good or service has a positive externality. However, there can sometimes be a free-rider problem, if the number of people willing to pay for the good or service is not enough to cover the cost of providing it. In this case, the good or service might not be produced, even though it would be beneficial for the economy as a whole to have it. Public goods are often at risk of free riding; in their case, the problem can be overcome by financing the good by imposing a tax on the entire population.

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Pramonės šaka / sritis: Economy
Category: Economics
Company: The Economist
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ազատ վաճառք

Economy; Economics

The ability of people to undertake economic transactions with people in other countries free from any restraints imposed by governments or other regulators. Measured by the volume ...

ազատ ձեռնարկություն

Economy; International economics

A system in which economic agents are free to own property and engage in commercial transactions. See laissez faire, economic freedom, .

ազատ ցուցակ

Economy; International economics

A list of goods that a country has designated as able to be imported without being subject to tariff or import licensing.

ազատ շուկա

Economy; International economics

A market that is not interfered with by government constraints on transactions. Most would say, however, that a market that is subject to a modest and transparent tax can still be ...

ազատ առևտուր

Economy; International economics

A situation in which there are no artificial barriers to trade, such as tariffs and NTBs. Usually used, often only implicitly, with frictionless trade, so that it implies that ...

վարկանիշ

Economy; Economics

A guide to the riskiness of a financial instrument provided by a ratings agency, such as Moody’s, Standard and Poor’s and Fitch IBCA. These measures of credit quality are mostly ...

նորմավորում

Economy; Economics

Although economists say that rationing is what the price mechanism does, what most people think of as rationing is an alternative to letting prices determine how scarce economic ...

իրական փոխարժեք

Economy; Economics

An exchange rate that has been adjusted to take account of any difference in the rate of inflation in the two countries whose currency is being exchanged.

իրական տոկոսադրույք

Economy; Economics

The interest rate less the rate of inflation.

անկում

Economy; Economics

Broadly speaking, a period of slow or negative economic growth, usually accompanied by rising unemployment. Economists have two more precise definitions of a recession. The first, ...

շահաբաժին

Economy; Economics

A payment of income by a company to its shareholders.

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